Dietary Exposure Assessment of Chinese Adults and Nursing Infants to Tetrahromohisphenol-A and Hexabromocyclododecanes: Occurrence Measurements in Foods and Human Milk.

Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and hexabromocyclododecane diastereoisomers (αβ, and γ-HBCD) were determined in 24 pooled human milk samples and 48 Chinese total diet study (TDS) samples collected in 2007. On the basis of ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC- MS/MS) analysis, levels of TBBPA ranged from <LOD to 5124 pg/g lipid weight (lw) in human milk and from <LOD to 2044 pg/g lw in TDS samples. The a-HBCD diastereoisomer, which ranged from <LOD to 2776 pg/g lw in human milk and from <LOD to 2224 pg/g lw in TDS samples, was generally the most abundant isomer comparing with β- and γ-HBCD. The average estimated daily intake (EDI) of TBBPA via human milk for nursing infants with a range 320-37240 pg/kg bodyweight (bw)/day was 5094 pg/kg bw/day, while that of ΣHBCD was 5837 pg/kg bw/day with a range 670-17320 pg/kg bw/day. The medium bound (<LOD = ½LOD) EDITBBPA for a "reference" man via animal origin foods was 256 pg/kg bw/day and EDIΣHBCD was 432 pg/kg bw/day. Meat and meat products were the main source in the total dietary intake of TBBPA and ΣHBCD. Our research on the estimated daily intake of TBBPA and ΣHBCO by the Chinese population indicated large variations in TBBPA and ΣHBCD levels between provinces. Overall, our data indicate the Chinese EDI was lower than the EDI from similar studies in Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]