Is Deceit a Masculine Virtue? An Essay.

Based upon a review of the "old" evidences of human physiology, psychology, anthropology, mythology, history, and sociology through the "new" lenses of an emerging paradigm, this article argues that deceit has been a "virtue" of humankind- or both males and females-throughout the existence of our species as an agent of human survivability. After careful definitions nuance the term "virtue," this paper then asks the question, "Is deceit a virtue that needs to survive in the modern, global world?" [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]