THE LIMITS OF LABOR UNITY.

The article presents information on limits of labor unions in reference to the Chicago newspaper strike of 1912. William Randolph Hearst established the Chicago American, an evening daily, in 1900. Subsequently, a morning paper, the Chicago Examiner, was started. Initially Hearst's representatives signed a joint contract for five years covering printers, stereotypers, pressmen, engravers and mailers. All but the pressmen were covered by an agreement with the International Typographical Union (ITU); the pressmen were members of the International Printing Pressmen's and Assistants' Union of North America. Both international unions underwrote the contract. By the time it had expired, stereotypers and engravers had withdrawn from the ITU and set up their own international unions. In 1905, agreement was renewed separately with each organization, for another five-year term. During this period, unions signed contracts with the Chicago Chapter of the American Newspaper Publishers' Association (ANPA) on terms more favorable to management than those granted to Hearst. In 1910 at the expiration of the pressmen's contract on the Hearst Chicago newspapers, the pressmen as well as the other printing trades unions were informed of the desire of Hearst's management to come under the Chicago ANPA contract.