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Income-Related Health Inequalities in Canada and the United States: A Decomposition Analysis.

Authors :
McGrail, Kimberlyn M.
Doorslaer, Eddy Van
Ross, Nancy A.
Sanmartin, Claudia
Source :
American Journal of Public Health. Oct2009, Vol. 99 Issue 10, p1856-1863. 8p. 2 Charts, 2 Graphs.
Publication Year :
2009

Abstract

Objectives. We examined income-related inequalities in self-reported health in the United States and Canada and the extent to which they are associated with individual-level risk factors and health care system characteristics. Methods. We estimated income inequalities with concentration indexes and curves derived from comparable survey data from the 2002 to 2003 Joint Canada-US Survey of Health. Inequalities were then decomposed by regression and decomposition analysis to distinguish the contributions of various factors. Results. The distribution of income accounted for close to half of income-related health inequalities in both the United States and Canada. Health care system factors (e.g., unmet needs and health insurance status) and risk factors (e.g., physical inactivity and obesity) contributed more to income-related health inequalities in the United States than to those in Canada. Conclusions. Individual-level health risk factors and health care system characteristics have similar associations with health status in both countries, but they both are far more prevalent and much more concentrated among lower-income groups in the United States than in Canada. (Am J Public Health. 2009;99: 1856-1863. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2007.129361) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
00900036
Volume :
99
Issue :
10
Database :
Academic Search Index
Journal :
American Journal of Public Health
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
47409813
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2007.129361