WYBRANE CHŁONIAKI ŚRÓDPIERSIA. I. CHŁONIAK HODGKINA (HL).

Introduction. The incidence of lymphornas has been increasing worldwide. Both HL and non-Hodgkin lymphoma have an incidence rate of 14-18 per 100 000 of the population and HL is estimated to account for 30% of all diagnosed lymphomas. Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a B-cell lymphoma, as was proved by molecular studies. Aim. The purpose of this paper is to present the current definition, and the clinical and pathological picture of HL, so that it is evident why the identified cases are referred to as "gray zone." Discussion. To determine the clinical stage (Staging) of lymphomas the classification formulated by Ann Arbor is widely used, which assigns stage I-IV, and type A or B to a given lymphoma. Morphological identification of Hodgkin lymphoma is based on the identification of Hodgkin and Reed-Stenberg cells in a characteristic inflammatory environment. According to the new WHO classification of 2008, Hodgkin lymphoma is divided into two main groups: 1) Nodular Lymphocyte Predominate Hodgkin Lymphoma NLPHL, 2) Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma CHL, which is divided into four subtypes: a) Nodular Sclerosis Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma NSCHL, b) Mixed Cellularity Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma MCCHL, c) Lymphocyte-Rich Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma LRCHL, d) Lymphocyte- Depleted Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma LDCHL. In the diagnostics of HL the following antibodies are used: LCA - general lymphocyte marker; CD20, bcl2, bcl6, CD 10, MUM1 - common B cell markers and br their activity stages; BOB 1, Oct2, PAX5 - transcription factor involved in B cell differentiation; CD30 - lymphocyte activation marker; CD15 - myeloid cells marker that occurs in some DLBCL and CHL lymphomas; CD3 - T lymphocyte marker. Conclusions. The most common subtype of the mediastinal CHL, occurring mainly in young women, is nodular sclerosis. CHL diagnosis should be based on complete clinical data, as well as histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]