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Behavior of Decabromodiphenyl Ether (BDE-209) in the Soil--Plant System: Uptake, Translocation, and Metabolism in Plants and Dissipation in Soil.
- Source :
-
Environmental Science & Technology . 1/15/2010, Vol. 44 Issue 2, p663-667. 5p. - Publication Year :
- 2010
-
Abstract
- Deca-bromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) is the major component of the commercial deca-BDE flame retardant. There is increasing concern over BDE-209 due to its increasing occurrence in the environment and in humans. In this study the behavior of BDE-209 in the soil-plant system was investigated. Accumulation of BDE-209 was observed in the roots and shoots of all the six plant species examined, namely ryegrass, alfalfa, pumpkin, summer squash, maize, and radish. Root uptake of BDE-209 was positively correlated with root lipid content (P < 0.001, R² = 0.81). The translocation factor (TF, Cshoot/Croot) of BDE-209 was inversely related to its concentration in roots. Nineteen lower brominated (di- to nona-) PBDEs were detected in the soil and plant samples and five hydroxylated congeners were detected in the plant samples, indicating debromination and hydroxylation of BDE-209 in the soil—plant system. Evidence of a relatively higher proportion of penta- through di-BDE congeners in plant tissues than in the soil indicates that there is further debromination of PBDEs within plants or low brominated PBDEs are more readily taken up by plants. A significant negative correlation between the residual BDE-209 concentration in soil and the soil microbial biomass measured as the total phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) (P < 0.05, R² = 0.74) suggests that microbial metabolism and degradation contribute to BDE-209 dissipation in soil. These results provide important information about the behavior of BDE-209 in the soil-plant system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0013936X
- Volume :
- 44
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Environmental Science & Technology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 48095793
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1021/es901860r