Cobertura de solo e produção de porongo sob diferentes configurações de cultivo.

In small farms, the traditional cropping system on slope and shallow soils is often common, resulting in soil and water degradation and low productivity. The study aimed to investigate different configuration of cultivations (density and times of sown) of Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl. species (bottlegourd), intending to promote faster soil mulching, to increase productivity and to obtain better quality of marketable fruits. Three experiments in completely randomized design with four replicates were installed at 15/09/07, 06/10/07 and 27/10/07 in the northern Rio Grande do Sul in a Red Latosol under conventional tillage system (SPC). The sown was made on holes with 2.5x2.5 and 5.0x5.0m spacing, considered traditional, and with 1,600 and 400 holes ha-1 density, respectively. It was evaluated the crop cycle, the number and length of main stems 60 days after emergence (DAE), the soil mulching at 0, 30, 60, 90 and, 150DAE and, quality and fruit productivity. A joint analysis of data from experiments showed that the plants sown on 27/10/07, in both spacing, showed lower cycle (150 days), fruit size and productivity, but under 1,600 holes ha-1 (2.5x2.5m of sown spacing), there was at 30DAE a faster soil mulching (93.7%) than in other sown times. In the same holes density, at any time of sown, it was shown that 2.5x2.5m spacing, reaches the faster soil mulching and higher yield of fruits than those under traditional sown density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]