Síntesis de materiales carbonaceos nanoestructurados.

The recent development of lithium rechargeable batteries results from the use of carbon materials as lithium reservoir at the negative electrode. Carbon anodes for Liion cells have been prepared by the polymerization of polysaccharides, in the channels of a clay mineral. Sepiolite is a microfibrous magnesium silicate, Si12O30Mg8(OH,F)4(H2O)4⋅8H2O, with large specific surface area and then the ability to adsorbe large quantities of water, which is related to the presence of pores of different sizes that allow the molecular and polymeric species inclusion. A mixture of sepiolite and sucrose is mixed with water and heated for several minutes. The sucrose is caramelized into the mineral surface and forms homogeneous nanocomposite materials. The Pyrolysis of this nanocomposite was performed at 700 and 800°C for different times. The precursors and final materials were characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEM and Van Der Pauw conductivity measurement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]