Évolution de la résistance aux antibiotiques de 1997 à 2005 à la Réunion

Abstract: Objective: The groupe hospitalier Sud Reunion (GHSR) is a 1130-bed hospital center, located on the Reunion Island, (Indian Ocean). We studied the profiles of antibiotic resistance in 2005, and compared those with previous data collected in 1997–1998, and with Metropolitan France and European data. Material and methodology: All bacteriological strains isolated from diagnostic samples in 2005 were analyzed according to CA-SFM recommendations. Results: Since 1997, the rates of resistance to enterobacteria (betalactam, aminoside, quinolone, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ticarcillin, amikacin, ciprofloxacin, fosfomycin), Acinetobacter baumanii (amikacin) has decreased significantly. The rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (1997: 3.6 %, 2005: 13.4 %) has increased but less than in Metropolitan France. The rate of Streptococcus pneumonia with decreased susceptibility to penicillin has increased (1997: 25.5 %, 2005: 42.9 %), as for Haemophilus influenzae which present an important increase of betalactam resistance (1997: 15.5 %, 2005: 37.8 %). Conclusion: By comparing our data to 1997 and Metropolitan French data, it seems that the GHSR has managed to protect its hospital-based microbial ecology. However, community germs showed increasing resistance, probably because of an increasing antibiotic pressure, but with resistance rates often inferior to Metropolitan French ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]