Laparo-endoscopic single-site (LESS) with transanal natural orifice specimen extraction (NOSE) sigmoidectomy: a new step before pure colorectal natural orifices transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES®).

<bold>Introduction: </bold>We present the first human case of laparo-endoscopic single-site sigmoidectomy with transanal natural orifice specimen extraction.<bold>Discussion: </bold>This technical achievement is a new step toward pure colorectal Natural Orifices Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery. It is the product of a gradual development with critical steps being conceived and standardised in years of experimental and clinical procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]