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Type I IFN Substitutes for T Cell Help during Viral Infections.
- Source :
-
Journal of Immunology . 1/15/2011, Vol. 186 Issue 2, p754-763. 10p. - Publication Year :
- 2011
-
Abstract
- Certain virus infections depend on the presence of T cell help for the generation of primary CD8+ T cell responses. However, the mechanisms that render these particular viral infections T cell help dependent is largely unknown. In this study, we compared CD8+ T cell responses elicited by lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection, as prototype of a T cell help independent infection, with T cell help dependent CD8+ T cell responses induced by vaccinia virus infection. In this paper, we show that a key parameter decisive for T cell help independence is the ability of an infectious agent to stimulate early and robust production of type I IFN. Experimental provision of type I IFN during VV infection rendered the ensuing CD8+ T cell response completely T cell help independent. Our results support a model in which type I IFN has to be present during the first 3 d of Ag encounter and has to act directly on the responding CD8+ T cells to promote their survival and effector differentiation. We show that type I IFN signaling on responding CD8+ T cells induces profound upregulation of CD25 and increased IL-2 expression; however, neither this nor IL- 15 accounts for the type I IFN effects on responding CD8+ T cells. Thus, type I IFN can effectively replace the requirement of T cell help by directly promoting CD8+ T cell survival and differentiation independent of the type I IFN-induced cytokines IL-2 and IL-15. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 00221767
- Volume :
- 186
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Journal of Immunology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 67075624
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1003166