An artificial neural network for predicting domestic hot water characteristics.

Domestic hot water (DHW) in the UK accounts for ∼7.5% of all energy use. For manufacturers of heating and hot water appliances to be in a position to respond to patterns of demand a full understanding of the effect of user-defined DHW profiles, different DHW systems and heating technologies are essential. This paper presents the prediction of the temperature characteristics of drawn DHW using artificial neural networks (NNs). We demonstrate whether, based on one NN model, different hot water system temperature loads can be accurately predicted. Two NN models were constructed and examined on a total of three systems. Both models trained on their associated systems produced errors of <11%; however, both NN models, when presented with unseen systems, produced large single errors. NN model 2 gave the lowest error when compared with NN model 1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]