Replacing References to Photography with References to the Web in Vilém Flusser's "Towards a Philosophy of Photography" (1983).

An essay is presented which reflects on the nature of tools and work, with particular attention paid to the difference between the traditional concept of work as creating or altering physical objects and "web work" in which images and text are created or manipulated. The relationships between people and tools and between people and machines are explored, and the changes created by both the industrial revolution and the creation of computers are examined. The author's assertion that information rather than work is now the central category of society is also discussed.