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A real-time algorithm for the determination of R744 systems optimal high pressure
- Source :
-
International Journal of Refrigeration . Jun2012, Vol. 35 Issue 4, p817-826. 10p. - Publication Year :
- 2012
-
Abstract
- Abstract: In this paper the optimal energy efficiency and high pressure problem in single stage transcritical carbon dioxide vapour compression units is addressed. A real-time model-based optimisation algorithm for the optimal (or quasi-optimal, close to the optimal) pressure determination is developed as a more efficient and robust solution than literature approximated ones. The problem is solved by a model estimating the system performance and by measuring its boundary conditions. The model is obtained by an on-line artificial neural network identification technique and the optimisation problem is worked out by a particle swarm technique. The proposed algorithm is dynamically tested by simulation, considering the performance of a supply water temperature controlled carbon dioxide heat pump. It appears to successfully approximate the optimal cycle discharge pressure showing an average daily pressure deviation of 0.9×105 Pa over a two years simulation period, corresponding to 1.1% increase in the cumulated energy consumption, compared to the optimal pressure solution. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 01407007
- Volume :
- 35
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- International Journal of Refrigeration
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 75169670
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2012.01.005