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A Novel Peptide to Treat Oral Mucositis Blocks Endothelial and Epithelial Cell Apoptosis
- Source :
-
International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics . Jul2012, Vol. 83 Issue 3, pe409-e415. 0p. - Publication Year :
- 2012
-
Abstract
- Purpose: No effective agents currently exist to treat oral mucositis (OM) in patients receiving chemoradiation for the treatment of head-and-neck cancer. We identified a novel 21–amino acid peptide derived from antrum mucosal protein-18 that is cytoprotective, mitogenic, and motogenic in tissue culture and animal models of gastrointestinal epithelial cell injury. We examined whether administration of antrum mucosal protein peptide (AMP-p) could protect against and/or speed recovery from OM. Methods and Materials: OM was induced in established hamster models by a single dose of radiation, fractionated radiation, or fractionated radiation together with cisplatin to simulate conventional treatments of head-and-neck cancer. Results: Daily subcutaneous administration of AMP-p reduced the occurrence of ulceration and accelerated mucosal recovery in all three models. A delay in the onset of erythema after irradiation was observed, suggesting that a protective effect exists even before injury to mucosal epithelial cells occurs. To test this hypothesis, the effects of AMP-p on tumor necrosis factor-α–induced apoptosis were studied in an endothelial cell line (human dermal microvascular endothelial cells) as well as an epithelial cell line (human adult low-calcium, high-temperature keratinocytes; HaCaT) used to model the oral mucosa. AMP-p treatment, either before or after cell monolayers were exposed to tumor necrosis factor-α, protected against development of apoptosis in both cell types when assessed by annexin V and propidium iodide staining followed by flow cytometry or ligase-mediated polymerase chain reaction. Conclusions: These observations suggest that the ability of AMP-p to attenuate radiation-induced OM could be attributable, at least in part, to its antiapoptotic activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 03603016
- Volume :
- 83
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 76158266
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.01.006