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Daily profiles of energy and nutrient intakes: are eating profiles changing over time?
- Source :
-
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition . Jun2012, Vol. 66 Issue 6, p678-686. 9p. - Publication Year :
- 2012
-
Abstract
- BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:Associations between timing of eating occasions and their nutrient composition and health have been described in interventional and cross-sectional studies. However, data from longitudinal data are limited. This study examined 17-year changes in energy and macronutrient intake across eating occasions in the 1946 British birth cohort.SUBJECTS/METHODS:Data were obtained from the 1946 British birth cohort. Cohort members completed 5d-estimated diaries at ages 36 (1982), 43 (1989) and 53 years (1999). Data from subjects who provided dietary data at all three time points were analysed (n=1253). Repeated-measures analysis of variance with post hoc Bonferroni's adjustment was used to examine changes in energy and macronutrient at breakfast, mid-morning, lunch, mid-afternoon, evening and extra meal slots between 1982 and 1999. Analyses were stratified by sex and social class.RESULTS:The proportion of energy and macronutrients consumed at lunch declined between 1982 and 1999, which was compensated by a greater intake in the mid-afternoon and evening. This trend was seen across sex and social class, although women and adults with a non-manual occupation reported greater energy, carbohydrate and non-starch polysaccharide intake at breakfast in 1982 and had a higher protein intake in the evening compared with men and adults with a manual occupation.CONCLUSIONS:The timing of energy and nutrient intake has shifted slightly over time, with a greater proportion of intake later in the day. The association between the observed sex and occupational social class differences in eating profiles and chronic disease warrants investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 09543007
- Volume :
- 66
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 76349295
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2011.210