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Iron Status and Its Determinants in a Nationally Representative Sample of Pregnant Women
- Source :
-
Journal of the Academy of Nutrition & Dietetics . May2013, Vol. 113 Issue 5, p659-666. 8p. - Publication Year :
- 2013
-
Abstract
- Abstract: Iron-deficiency anemia is associated with adverse neonatal health outcomes. Iron status and its determinants were assessed in a representative sample of Belgian pregnant women. Blood samples were collected and a questionnaire was completed face-to-face. Hemoglobin (Hb) and mean cell volume were measured using a Beckman Coulter Hematology Analyzer and serum ferritin (SF) and transferrin receptor (sTfr) concentrations by immunoassay. In total, 55 obstetric clinics and 1,311 pregnant women were included. Approximately 40% of third-trimester and 6% of first-trimester women had SF levels less than 15 μg/L. Approximately 21% of third-trimester and 4% of first-trimester women had anemia (Hb <110 g/L). Of the third-trimester women, 23% were iron-deficient nonanemic (SF <15 μg/L and Hb ≥110 g/L), 16% had iron-deficiency anemia (SF <15 μg/L and Hb <110 g/L), and approximately 7% had tissue iron deficiency (sTfr >8.5 mg/L). The median body iron stores were 8.1 mg/kg among first-trimester women, but only 3.6 mg/kg among third-trimester women. SF levels were significantly positively associated with age and education level, and were higher among nulliparous women and lower among North-African women. sTfr concentrations were significantly negatively associated with age and were lower among smokers, nulliparous women, and women who planned their pregnancy. Despite the fact that two thirds of Belgian pregnant women took iron-containing supplements, iron deficiency and iron-deficiency anemia were frequent in third-trimester women. The World Health Organization regards this as a moderate public health problem. National iron supplementation guidelines are needed in Belgium to optimize iron status during pregnancy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Subjects :
- *MATERNAL health
*IRON in the body
*IRON deficiency anemia
*PRECONCEPTION care
*HEMOGLOBINS
*ANEMIA diagnosis
*IRON deficiency anemia diagnosis
*AGE distribution
*CELL receptors
*COMPARATIVE studies
*CONFIDENCE intervals
*DIETARY supplements
*ALCOHOL drinking
*FERRITIN
*HEALTH behavior
*IMMUNOASSAY
*IRON
*IRON compounds
*MOTHERS
*NONPARAMETRIC statistics
*NUTRITIONAL requirements
*FIRST trimester of pregnancy
*THIRD trimester of pregnancy
*QUESTIONNAIRES
*REGRESSION analysis
*RESEARCH funding
*SMOKING
*STATISTICS
*TRANSFERRIN
*WOMEN'S health
*DATA analysis
*BODY mass index
*PARITY (Obstetrics)
*FAMILY planning
*DATA analysis software
*DESCRIPTIVE statistics
*NUTRITIONAL status
*BLOOD
*PREGNANCY
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 22122672
- Volume :
- 113
- Issue :
- 5
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Journal of the Academy of Nutrition & Dietetics
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 87014990
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2012.10.021