The Ag–Bi–In system: enthalpy of formation

The Ag–Bi–In ternary alloys as lead-free solder candidates in electronic industry were studied. Using a high temperature microcalorimeter, the enthalpy of formation of this system was determined along six isoplethic sections (<F>xBi/xIn=1/4</F>, 1/2, 1/1, 62/38, <F>xAg/xBi=1/3</F> and <F>xAg/xIn=1/1</F>) in the temperature range of 809–911 K. A critical analysis of these results leads us to the following conclusion: the enthalpy of formation of the Ag–Bi–In liquid system (<F>ΔmixHm(Ag–Bi–In)°=f(xAg,xBi)</F>) can be correctly represented by the Toop relation on the entire ternary molar fraction range. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]