LA SALINIDAD COMO PROBLEMA EN LA AGRICULTURA: LA MEJORA VEGETAL UNA SOLUCIÓN INMEDIATA.

The soil salinity affects food production worldwide. This shows a tendency to increase in coming years worldwide, as well as Cuban territory, where this environmental phenomenon, regardless of weather conditions, has led to processes of soil degradation, affecting crop yields of major interest in the national economy. Salt stress, causes physiological and biochemical changes in plant metabolism that determine their survival and productivity in these conditions, so plants have evolved mechanisms of tolerance. Genetic improvement offers an increase in both the recovery of underutilized areas, and yields in areas where salinity is a limiting factor or for which you work in various ways. Given that the selection of salt tolerant plants, is a long process determinedly, working in the search for efficient indicators for early selection of genotypes with better agronomic performance. These aspects are addressed in this paper focusing on the improvement as an effective tool for the selection of genotypes of different crops with better performance under salt stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]