Enfermedad de Caffey. Reporte de un caso.

Infantile cortical hyperostosis or Caffey-Silverman syndrome is a disorder of unknown cause that affects the skeleton and some of the contiguous fascias and muscles. It occurs under all circumstances, in cities, rural communities, in all types of climates, seasons, races, social strata, and its incidence is the same among males and females. We report herein a very rare disease, little known in world literature, in order to disseminate within the orthopedic setting the musculoskeletal alterations we found in Caffey-Silverman disease. We report a seven year-old female patient diagnosed with Caffey-Silverman disease, with presence of its different manifestations that include swelling of the right forearm (indurated edema without phlogosis), pain, irritability with a chronicity involving a course of years. She is undergoing primary treatment consisting of observation and symptom relief. We know that it is a disorder with an unknown etiology. We also know there is hypoxia, local necrosis and periosteal reaction; however, the triggers of these changes are still a mystery. There are several hypotheses, but none of them has been proven. Some reports of familial occurrence suggest a possible hereditary factor. The natural self-limitation of this disease has made it difficult to establish the type of heredity; it is likely a trait with an autosomal dominant transmission with variable penetrance. A hereditary [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]