Modeling mechanism and extension of GM (1, 1).

Firstly, the research progress of grey model GM (1,1) is summarized, which is divided into three development stages: assimilation, alienation and melting stages. Then, the matrix analysis theory is used to study the modeling mechanism of GM (1,1), which decomposes the modeling data matrix into raw data transformation matrix, accumulated generating operation matrix and background value selection matrix. The changes of these three matrices are the essential reasons affecting the modeling and the accuracy of GM (1,1). Finally, the paper proposes a generalization grey model GGM (1,1), which is a extended form of GM (1,1) and also a unified form of model GM (1,1), model GM (1,1,α), stage grey model, hopping grey model, generalized accumulated model, strengthening operator model, weakening operator model and unequal interval model. And the theory and practical significance of the extended model is analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]