Kardiovaskularni učinci oralnih lijekova za liječenje šećerne bolesti tipa 2.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is in rise worldwide. More than 90% of patients suffer from type 2 DM. The majority of patients suffering from type 2 DM are treated with oral medications. In addition to lowering glycemia, the medications for treatment of DM may either have direct effects on the cardiovascular system or the effects on cardiovascular risk factors. The administration of sulfonylurea and thiazolidinedione attracts the most attention because of the potential negative impact on the increased risk of death or heart failure. On the other hand, better pleiotropic and metabolic effects of pioglitazone and metformin are known. Repaglinide administered with metformin may increase the cardiovascular risk, although it has a positive effect on lowering inflammatory cytokines. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors do not increase cardiovascular risks, and they improve metabolic variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]