Limitations and challenges in treatment of acute chemical warfare agent poisoning.

Highlights: [•] Medical measures against chemical warfare agents have to be prepared in advance. [•] Medical countermeasures consist a huge burden for health care systems. [•] For nerve agent poisoning therapy of acute effects has to be improved. [•] Ongoing treatment of nerve agent poisoning is necessary to keep patients alive. [•] Pathophysiological changes are important for therapy of sulfur mustard poisoning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]