Influence of tungsten substitution and oxygen deficiency on the thermoelectric properties of CaMnO3-δ.

Polycrystalline tungsten-substituted CaMn1-xWxO3-δ (0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.05) powders were synthesized from a polymeric precursor, pressed and sintered to high density. The impact of tungsten substitution on the crystal structure, thermal stability, phase transition, electronic and thermal transport properties is assessed. Tungsten acts as an electron donator and strongly affects high-temperature oxygen stoichiometry. Oxygen vacancies form in the high figure-of-merit (ZT)-region starting from about T = 1000 K and dominate the carrier concentration and electronic transport far more than the tungsten substitution. The analysis of the transport properties yields that in the investigated regime the band filling is sufficiently high to overcome barriers of polaron transport. Therefore, the Cutler-Mott approach describes the electrical transport more accurately than the Mott approach for small polaron transport. The lattice thermal conductivity near room temperature is strongly suppressed with increasing tungsten concentration due to mass-difference impurity scattering. A ZT of 0.25 was found for x = 0.04 at 1225 K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]