Preparation and characterization of direct Z-scheme photocatalyst Bi2O3/NaNbO3 and its reaction mechanism.

Highlights: [•] A highly active Bi2O3/NaNbO3 photocatalyst was prepared by a facile ball milling. [•] The results revealed that Bi2O3/NaNbO3 is characteristic of Z-scheme photocatalyst. [•] The rate constant of RhB for Bi2O3/NaNbO3 is 6.3 times that of pure NaNbO3. [•] The e− in the CB of Bi2O3 and h+ in the VB of NaNbO3 are quickly combined. [•] The e− in the CB of NaNbO3 and h+ in the VB of Bi2O3 produce •O2 − and •OH, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]