Spatiotemporal dynamics of grassland aboveground net primary productivity and its association with climatic pattern and changes in Northern China.

Highlights: [•] We detect the sensitivity of various vegetation indices to ANPP of different grassland types. [•] We develop an integrated model to estimate grassland ANPP with various vegetation indices. [•] Notable gradient and annual increase in grassland ANPP are observed in Northern China. [•] Spatial pattern of the grassland ANPP is correlated with the gradients of LST and LSWI. [•] The temporal grassland ANPP is significantly negative to LST, but positive to LSWI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]