How familiarization and repetition modulate the picture naming network.

Highlights: [•] We compared two naming protocols thought to recruit the same cognitive processes. [•] Semantic interference was observed in the behavior but not in the EEG data. [•] The two protocols elicited an intricate pattern of EEG activity differences. [•] Protocol differences were not due to response speed, but to item familiarity. [•] Picture naming processes can be modulated by specific protocol requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]