Novel method for radial velocity difference estimation of moving targets with wideband signals.

For the frequency difference of arrival (FDOA) estimation in passive location, this paper transforms the frequency difference estimation into the radial velocity difference estimation, which is difficult to achieve a high accuracy due to the mismatch between the sampling period and the pulse repetition interval. The proposed algorithm firstly estimates the point-in-time that each pulse arrives at two receivers accurately. Secondly two time of arrival (TOA) sequences are subtracted. And finally the radial velocity difference of a target relative to two stations with the least square method is estimated. This algorithm only needs accurate estimation of the time delay between pulses and is not influenced by parameters such as frequency and modulation mode. It avoids transmitting a large amount of data between two stations in real time. Simulation results corroborate that the performance is better than the arithmetic average of the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) for monopulse under suitable conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]