Hemifacial microsomia and treatment options for auricular replacement: A review of the literature.

Statement of Problem: Although surgical reconstruction is the treatment of choice for auricular deformities that result from hemifacial microsomia, the implant-retained auricular prosthesis must be considered when surgical reconstruction is not possible. The competent and successful practitioner should be knowledgeable of the nature of this congenital disease.
Purpose: This article reviewed the first and second branchial syndrome, treatment approaches, and potential advances in surgical and prosthetic rehabilitation for patients with hemifacial microsomia.
Conclusion: Advantages and disadvantages of autogenous and alloplastic ear reconstructions are discussed. New research initiatives, such as tissue engineering and fabrication of auricular prosthesis by CAD/CAM, offer the potential for improved treatment for the future treatment of hemifacial microsomia.