Gemcitabine for malignant mesothelioma: A phase II trial by the Cancer and Leukemia Group B.

Purpose: The CALGB conducted a phase II multicenter trial to evaluate the activity of gemcitabine in malignant mesothelioma (CALGB protocol 9530).
Patients and Methods: Seventeen patients were accrued between February 1996 and May 1996 and received gemcitabine 1500 mg/m(2) by intravenous infusion over 30 min weekly for 3 weeks, followed by a 1 week break. Eligibility included a performance status of 0-2 by CALGB criteria, and no prior chemotherapy. Nine patients had epithelial cell type and eight had mixed or sarcomatoid cell types. There were 11 cases with measurable disease and six with evaluable disease.
Results: There were no complete or partial responders. Eight patients had stable disease, seven developed progressive disease, and two were not evaluable for tumor response. Two patients had minor responses. Median survival from study entry was 4.7 months (95% CI 3.1-12.9 months); one year survival was 24% (95% CI 10-55%). One patient remains alive at 37 months. There were two early deaths, one from disease progression and one from pneumonia. Toxicity was mild and included anemia, lymphopenia and infection; no patient experienced grades three or four thrombocytopenia.
Conclusion: No antitumor activity was observed for single-agent gemcitabine in patients with malignant mesothelioma in this multicenter phase II study.