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Neutralizing antibodies as a potential secondary protective mechanism during chronic SHIV infection in CD8+ T-cell-depleted macaques.
- Source :
-
AIDS (London, England) [AIDS] 2002 Apr 12; Vol. 16 (6), pp. 829-38. - Publication Year :
- 2002
-
Abstract
- Objective: To directly examine the role of CD8+ T cells in controlling viremia and disease during chronic, low-level primate immunodeficiency virus infection in DNA prime/protein boost-vaccinated macaques.<br />Background: A cohort of macaques, vaccinated with either a DNA prime/HIV-1 gp160 boost regimen or with gp160 alone was previously protected partially from sequential challenges with non-pathogenic and pathogenic strains of chimeric simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV). In this study, the effect of temporary ablation of CD8+ T cells in these animals was examined.<br />Methods: Animals were treated with an anti-CD8 antibody and CD8+ T-cell levels in peripheral blood, plasma viral loads, peripheral blood mononuclear cell-associated virus levels, neutralizing antibody (nAb) titers and simian immunodeficiency virus Gag-specific CD8+ T-cell numbers were followed.<br />Results: Plasma viremia rose sharply in direct synchrony with a rapid but transient drop in CD8+ T cells. However, although levels of cell-associated virus also rose concomitantly, peak levels were much lower than those in virus-challenged, naive animals. In addition, despite a rise of pathogenic SHIV89.6P RNA levels in three animals, CD4+ T-cell counts remained unchanged. In each of these animals, neutralizing antibody titers against the pathogenic SHIV89.6P strain were high.<br />Conclusions: The results indicate that CD8+ T cells play a key role in suppressing viremia in a chronically infected host. In addition, the results suggest that in the absence of CD8+ T cells, nAb may act as an effective second line of defense by limiting both the spread of infectious virus to new target cells and CD4+ T-cell loss.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Base Sequence
Chimera
DNA Primers
Disease Models, Animal
HIV immunology
HIV Infections virology
Lymphocyte Depletion
Macaca mulatta
Neutralization Tests
Simian Immunodeficiency Virus immunology
Viremia immunology
Antibodies, Viral immunology
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes immunology
HIV Infections immunology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0269-9370
- Volume :
- 16
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- AIDS (London, England)
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 11919484
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1097/00002030-200204120-00002