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HIV prevalence and risks among injection and noninjection drug users in northern Thailand: need for comprehensive HIV prevention programs.
- Source :
-
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) [J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr] 2003 Jun 01; Vol. 33 (2), pp. 259-66. - Publication Year :
- 2003
-
Abstract
- The authors sought to determine sociodemographic and sexual and drug use risk factors for HIV infection among drug users in northern Thailand adjacent to the Golden Triangle. The authors enrolled patients admitted for inpatient drug detoxification at one treatment center in northern Thailand and studied HIV risks and prevalence using an interviewer-administered questionnaire and serum collection with HIV pretest and posttest counseling. Between February 1, 1999 and January 31, 2000, 1865 patients admitted for opiate and methamphetamine dependence completed study procedures. Overall HIV prevalence was 10.3%: 30.0% among 513 injection drug users (IDUs) and 2.8% among non-IDUs (OR = 14.8, 95% CI: 10.2, 21.6). HIV seroprevalence was 2.4% among exclusive methamphetamine users (98% of whom are non-IDUs) and 3.4% among opium smokers. Injection drug use was the dominant risk factor in multivariate models. Although Thailand is widely recognized as having a successful national response to the heterosexual HIV epidemic, seroprevalence in IDUs remains high. Despite a sharp increase of non-IDUs admitted to the drug treatment center, HIV infection and risks remained high among IDUs in northern Thailand. HIV prevention campaigns need to focus on IDUs and to implement harm reduction strategies to reduce transmission to IDUs and further contain the HIV epidemic in Thailand.
- Subjects :
- Adolescent
Adult
Demography
Female
HIV Seropositivity epidemiology
Humans
Male
Methamphetamine
Multivariate Analysis
Narcotics
Odds Ratio
Prevalence
Risk Factors
Substance Abuse Treatment Centers
Substance Abuse, Intravenous epidemiology
Surveys and Questionnaires
Thailand epidemiology
HIV Infections epidemiology
Substance-Related Disorders epidemiology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1525-4135
- Volume :
- 33
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 12794564
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1097/00126334-200306010-00023