Purification and characterization of alpha-galactosidase from sunflower seeds.

From 100 g sunflower seeds, 1.2 mg purified alpha-galactosidase was obtained with an overall yield of 51%. The alpha-galactosidase acted on both terminal alpha-galactosyl residues and side-chain alpha-galactosyl residues of the galactomanno-oligosaccharides and galactomannans. The cDNA coding for sunflower alpha-galactosidase was cloned and the deduced amino acid sequence revealed that the mature enzyme consisted of 363 amino acid residues with a molecular weight of 40,263. Seven cysteine residues were found but no putative N-glycosylation sites were present in the sequence. The deduced amino acid sequences of mature enzyme and alpha-galactosidases from coffee, guar and Mortierella vinacea alpha-galactosidase II showed over 81%, 77%, and 47% homology, respectively. These enzymes are classified into the third group in which the enzyme has no insertion sequence and a broad specificity on galactomanno-oligosaccharides compared to the other groups.