Membrane expression and function of complement receptors CR1 and CR3 on neutrophils from HIV-infected subjects: modulation by rTNF-alpha and rGM-CSF.

We evaluated membrane expression and function of complement receptors CR1 and CR3 on neutrophils from 27 HIV-positive (HIV+) subjects (14 in the CDC class III and 13 class IV) as well as their modulation in vitro by recombinant tumour necrosis factor-alpha (rTNF-alpha) and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (rGM-CSF). While CR1 was expressed at similar levels on neutrophils from controls and HIV+ subjects, CR3 expression was significantly higher in CDC class IV subjects than in healthy controls. CR1 and CR3 expression was significantly increased after treatment of neutrophils with both cytokines, without differences between controls and HIV+ subjects. Similarly, the superoxide anion (O2-) production in response to C3-coated zymosan (C3zy) was significantly enhanced on neutrophils from CDC class IV subjects when compared with controls. rGM-CSF and rTNF-alpha treatment significantly enhanced the spontaneous as well as C3zy-stimulated O2- production by neutrophils from controls and CDC class III subjects, and induced an upward trend in the CDC class IV group. These results indicate that the neutrophils of HIV+ patients are preactivated in vivo but they also indicate that these cells may correctly respond to a subsequent particulate stimulus as well as to activating cytokines. Our findings suggest that desensitization or functional exhaustion of complement receptors are not implicated in the abnormalities observed on neutrophils from HIV+ patients.