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Genotoxicity of motorcycle exhaust particles in vivo and in vitro.
- Source :
-
Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology [Toxicol Sci] 2004 Sep; Vol. 81 (1), pp. 103-11. Date of Electronic Publication: 2004 May 24. - Publication Year :
- 2004
-
Abstract
- We studied the genotoxic potency of motorcycle exhaust particles (MEP) by using a bacterial reversion assay and chromosome aberration and micronucleus tests. In the bacterial reversion assay (Ames test), MEP concentration-dependently increased TA98, TA100, and TA102 revertants in the presence of metabolic-activating enzymes. In the chromosome aberration test, MEP concentration-dependently increased abnormal structural chromosomes in CHO-K1 cells both with and without S9. Pretreatment with antioxidants (alpha-tocopherol, ascorbate, catalase, and NAC) showed varying degrees of inhibitory effect on the MEP-induced mutagenic effect and chromosome structural abnormalities. In the in vivo micronucleus test, MEP dose-dependently induced micronucleus formation in peripheral red blood cells after 24 and 48 h of treatment. The increase of micronucleated reticulocytes induced by MEP was inhibited by pretreatment with alpha-tocopherol and ascorbate. The fluorescence intensity of DCFH-DA-loaded CHO-K1 cells was increased upon the addition of MEP. Our data suggest that MEP can induce genotoxicity through a reactive oxygen species-(ROS-) dependent pathway, which can be augmented by metabolic activation. Alpha-tocopherol, ascorbate, catalase, and NAC can inhibit MEP-induced genotoxicity, indicating that ROS might be involved in this effect.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Antioxidants pharmacology
CHO Cells
Chromosome Aberrations drug effects
Cricetinae
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Flow Cytometry
In Vitro Techniques
Liver metabolism
Micronucleus Tests
Mutagenicity Tests
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Reactive Oxygen Species chemistry
Salmonella typhimurium genetics
Subcellular Fractions drug effects
Vehicle Emissions analysis
Motorcycles
Mutagens toxicity
Vehicle Emissions toxicity
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1096-6080
- Volume :
- 81
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 15159523
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfh173