Effects of mechanochemically activated doxorubicin and 40 MHz frequency irradiation on human A-549 lung carcinoma cells.

Aim: To study in vitro influence of mechanochemically activated (MA) doxorubicin (DOXO) and electromagnetic irradiation (EMI) on human lung carcinoma A-549 cells.
Methods: Solid state DOXO was MA by input energy 20 W/g during 5 min. Tumor cells were exposed to 40 MHz EMI with power density 2 W/cm(2) at temperature 37 degrees C.
Results: Particles of MA DOXO have sizes 10 time smaller than officinal DOXO, high performance liquid chromatography analysis showed that parameters of officinal and MA DOXO were quantitatively equal. Mechanochemical activation initiated in the drug formation of free radicals with g = 2.005, g = 2.003 and g = 1.97. LD(50) values of MA DOXO were 5 times lower than that of officinal drug. Cell survival decreased in the following way after effects EMI --> officinal DOXO --> MA DOXO --> officinal DOXO + EMI --> MA DOXO + EMI.
Conclusion: Treatment by MA DOXO and drug with EMI at 37 degrees C showed better targeting of drug in human lung carcinoma A-549 cells outcomes than officinal DOXO.