T1 and M1 polymorphism in glutathione S-transferase gene and coronary artery disease in North Indian population.

Background: DNA damage has been found to play an important role in atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. Genetic polymorphisms of the genes coding for enzymes involved in the metabolism of genotoxins result in different phenotypes with respect to their ability to detoxify these agents. In the present study the contribution of the polymorphism in the glutathione S-transferase gene to the development of coronary artery disease has been investigated.
Methods: One hundred and ninety seven angiographically proven patients with coronary artery disease and one hundred and ninety eight age-matched controls were genotyped for glutathione S- transferase polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction. Genotype frequencies were compared in patients and controls by Chi-square test. Binary logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between genotype and disease, incorporating other variables into the model.
Results: GSTT1 null genotype was significantly decreased in patients with coronary artery disease. No significant association was found with GSTM1 genotypes. No such association was seen with smokers.
Conclusion: Null genotype of GSTT1 is protective against coronary artery disease in our population.