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Cobalt chloride induces neurite outgrowth in rat pheochromocytoma PC-12 cells through regulation of endothelin-2/vasoactive intestinal contractor.
Cobalt chloride induces neurite outgrowth in rat pheochromocytoma PC-12 cells through regulation of endothelin-2/vasoactive intestinal contractor.
- Source :
-
Journal of neuroscience research [J Neurosci Res] 2005 Aug 15; Vol. 81 (4), pp. 563-71. - Publication Year :
- 2005
-
Abstract
- We investigated whether endothelin-2/vasoactive intestinal contractor (ET-2/VIC) gene expression, upregulated by hypoxia in cancer cells, was associated with differentiation in neuronal cells. RT-PCR analysis, morphological observations, and immunostaining revealed that CoCl2, a hypoxic mimetic agent, at 200 microM increased expression of the ET-2/VIC gene, decreased expression of the ET-1 gene, and induced neurite outgrowth in PC-12 rat pheochromocytoma cells. These effects induced by 200 microM CoCl2 were completely inhibited by the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine at 20 mM. In addition, CoCl2 increased the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) at an early stage. Furthermore, interleukin (IL)-6 gene expression was upregulated upon the differentiation induced by CoCl2. These results suggest that expression of ET-2/VIC and ET-1 mediated by ROS may be associated with neuronal differentiation through the regulation of IL-6. When the cells were treated with 500 microM CoCl2 for 24 hr, however, ET-2/VIC gene expression disappeared, IL-6 gene expression was downregulated, and necrosis was subsequently induced in the PC-12 cells.<br /> (2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Antioxidants pharmacology
Cell Differentiation drug effects
Cell Differentiation physiology
Cell Division drug effects
Cell Division physiology
Endothelin-1 genetics
Endothelin-1 metabolism
Endothelin-2 metabolism
Gene Expression drug effects
Gene Expression physiology
Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
Interleukin-6 genetics
Neurites physiology
PC12 Cells
Peptides metabolism
Rats
Reactive Oxygen Species metabolism
Antimutagenic Agents pharmacology
Cobalt pharmacology
Endothelin-2 genetics
Neurites drug effects
Peptides genetics
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0360-4012
- Volume :
- 81
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of neuroscience research
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 15948191
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.20568