Epidemiology of primary and secondary headaches in a Brazilian tertiary-care center.

Objective: To analyze the demographic features of the population sample, the time of headache complaint until first consultation and the diagnosis of primary and secondary headaches.
Method: 3328 patients were analyzed retrospectively and divided according to gender, age, race, school instruction, onset of headache until first consultation and diagnosis(ICHD-II, 2004).
Results: Sex ratio (Female/Male) was 4:1, and the mean age was 40.7+/-15 years, without statistical differences between sexes. Approximately 65% of the patients were white and 55% had less than eight years of school instruction. Headache complaint until first consultation ranged from 1 to 5 years in 32.99% patients. The most prevalent diagnosis were migraine (37.98%), tension-type headache-TTH (22.65%) and cluster headache (2.73%).
Conclusion: There are few data on epidemiological features of headache clinic populations, mainly in developing countries. According to the literature, migraine was more frequent than TTH. It is noteworthy the low school instruction of this sample and time patient spent to seek for specialized attention. Hypnic headache syndrome was seen with an unusual frequency.