Liver retransplantation: report of 80 cases and review of literature.

Background: Because the orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) was performed widely in recent 5 years throughout China, the proportion of recipients whose graft function deteriorated to be retransplantation candidates increased gradually. This study was undertaken to analyze clinical experience of orthotopic liver retransplantation (re-OLT) at our center.
Methods: The medical records of 80 patients who had undergone liver retransplantation at our center from January 1999 to July 2005 were analyzed retrospectively, including indications and timing of retransplantation, surgical techniques, and the causes of death.
Results: The commonest cause leading to hepatic graft loss and subsequent retransplantation was biliary complications in 36 patients (45%). The patients underwent retransplantation more than 30 days after their primary transplant recovered better than those who underwent retransplantation within 8-30 days after primary transplantation (perioperative mortality 19.6% versus 70%). Sepsis (12 of 22 patients, 54.5%) and multiple organ failure (4 of 22 patients, 18.2%) were leading causes of re-OLT recipient deaths.
Conclusions: Proper indications and optimal operative time, surgical procedures, perioperative monitoring and appropriate postoperative treatment contribute to the improvement of the survival rate of patients after liver retransplantation.