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Drug distribution and stability in extemporaneous preparations of meloxicam and carprofen after dilution and suspension at two storage temperatures.
- Source :
-
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association [J Am Vet Med Assoc] 2006 Sep 15; Vol. 229 (6), pp. 968-74. - Publication Year :
- 2006
-
Abstract
- Objective: To determine dispersion uniformity and stability of meloxicam and carprofen in extemporaneous preparations stored for 28 days.<br />Design: Prospective study.<br />Sample Population: Meloxicam and carprofen (commercial formulations) were compounded (day 0) with deionized water (DW), 1% methylcellulose gel (MCG), MCG and simple syrup (SS; 1:1 mixture), or a suspending and flavoring vehicle combination (SFVC; 1:1 mixture) to nominal drug concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, or 1.0 mg/mL and 1.25, 2.5, or 5.0 mg/mL, respectively.<br />Procedures: Preparations were stored at approximately 4 degrees C (39.2 degrees F) or 22 degrees C (71.6 degrees F). For each preparation, drug concentrations were determined and drug stability was evaluated at intervals during storage; on days 0 and 28, pH values were measured and bacterial cultures were initiated.<br />Results: In meloxicam-DW, meloxicam-MCG (0.25 mg/mL), and meloxicam-MCG (0.5 mg/mL) preparations, drug distribution was uniform (coefficient of variation < 10%); > 90% of the original drug concentration was maintained for 28 days. Despite uniform drug distribution of the carprofen-SFVC preparations, most retained > or = 90% of the original drug concentration for only 21 days. Use of the MCG-SS combination resulted in foamy preparations of unacceptable variability. After 28 days, pH decreased slightly in meloxicam-DW and meloxicam-MCG preparations (0.17 +/- 0.04 and 0.21 +/- 0.04, respectively). Carprofen-SFVC (2.5 mg/mL) and carprofen-MCG-SS (5.0 mg/mL) preparations stored at 22 degrees C for 28 days yielded bacterial growth.<br />Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: DW, MCG, and the SFVC can be used successfully for extemporaneous preparation of meloxicam and carprofen for administration to small exotic animals. Refrigeration is recommended for preparations of meloxicam-DW and carprofen-SFVC.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Meloxicam
Prospective Studies
Suspensions
Temperature
Time Factors
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal standards
Carbazoles standards
Drug Stability
Drug Storage methods
Thiazines standards
Thiazoles standards
Veterinary Drugs standards
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0003-1488
- Volume :
- 229
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 16978116
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.229.6.968