[Reconstruction of maxillary sinus lateral bone wall and mucosa defect of with collagen sponge and acellular cancellous bone combined with bone morphogenetic protein-2].

Objective: To investigate the effects of reconstruction of maxillary sinus lateral bone wall and mucosa defect with collagen sponge and acellular cancellous bone combined with bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 in situ. We observed the effect of the reparation and the BMP-2 induced osteogenesis.
Methods: Ten New Zealand white rabbits underwent removal of part of unilateral maxillary sinus lateral bone wall with mucosa, and then divided into 2 equal groups: experimental group and control group. Acellular porcine cancellous vertebral bone was obtained, combined with BMP-2, trimmed to suit the defect, and put into the defect of the experimental group with collagen sponge soaked in venous blood, fixed by protein glue. Same porcine cancellous vertebral bone without BMP-2 was used in the control group. After 3 months the rabbits were killed to observe the osteogenesis of the defects.
Results: The rabbits recovered soon after surgery. The implanted acellular cancellous bones were banded tightly with the bones around the defects, the medial surfaces of the materials were covered with mucosa, and new bone tissue entered into the pores of the complex BMP-2 materials. In the control group, only fibrillar connective tissue was filled in the pores.
Conclusion: BMP-2 can induce osteogenesis, and collagen sponge serves to support the mucosal regeneration. Collagen sponge and acellular cancellous bone combined with BMP-2 can be used to repair the defects of the maxillary sinus bone wall and mucosa.