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Biological treatment of a synthetic space mission wastewater using a membrane-aerated, membrane-coupled bioreactor (M2BR).
- Source :
-
Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology [J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol] 2008 Jun; Vol. 35 (6), pp. 465-73. Date of Electronic Publication: 2008 Jan 15. - Publication Year :
- 2008
-
Abstract
- This paper describes the membrane-aerated, membrane-coupled bioreactor (M2BR), which was developed for wastewater treatment during long-term space missions because it achieves aeration and biomass separation using components that are compatible with microgravity conditions. In the experiments described herein, the M2BR was used to treat a synthetic wastewater formulated by NASA to simulate the wastewater typically collected during space missions. The M2BR was able to achieve more than 90% removal of both chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen when it was fed a modified NASA wastewater that had a 4:1 COD to nitrogen ratio. When the full-strength synthetic wastewater was fed to the M2BR (COD:N=1), however, the nitrogenous pollutant removal efficiency was adversely affected because of either insufficient oxygen transfer to support nitrification (an air-fed M2BR) or insufficient electron donor to support denitrification (an oxygen-fed M2BR). In conclusion, the M2BR provides considerable promise for wastewater treatment during long-term space missions, although additional research is needed to identify the best approach to treat the space mission wastewater, which poses a unique challenge because of its low COD:N ratio.
- Subjects :
- Ammonia analysis
Ammonia metabolism
Bacteria classification
Bacteria genetics
Filtration
Membranes, Artificial
Nitrates analysis
Oxygen metabolism
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S genetics
Space Flight
Waste Disposal, Fluid instrumentation
Water chemistry
Water Microbiology
Water Purification instrumentation
Bioreactors
Waste Disposal, Fluid methods
Water Purification methods
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1367-5435
- Volume :
- 35
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 18202862
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10295-008-0302-4