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Infection rates and genotypes of Trypanosoma rangeli and T. cruzi infecting free-ranging Saguinus bicolor (Callitrichidae), a critically endangered primate of the Amazon Rainforest.

Authors :
Maia da Silva F
Naiff RD
Marcili A
Gordo M
D'Affonseca Neto JA
Naiff MF
Franco AM
Campaner M
Valente V
Valente SA
Camargo EP
Teixeira MM
Miles MA
Source :
Acta tropica [Acta Trop] 2008 Aug; Vol. 107 (2), pp. 168-73. Date of Electronic Publication: 2008 May 29.
Publication Year :
2008

Abstract

Parasites of wild primates are important for conservation biology and human health due to their high potential to infect humans. In the Amazon region, non-human primates are commonly infected by Trypanosoma cruzi and T. rangeli, which are also infective to man and several mammals. This is the first survey of trypanosomiasis in a critically endangered species of tamarin, Saguinus bicolor (Callitrichidae), from the Brazilian Amazon Rainforest. Of the 96 free-ranging specimens of S. bicolor examined 45 (46.8%) yielded blood smears positive for trypanosomes. T. rangeli was detected in blood smears of 38 monkeys (39.6%) whereas T. cruzi was never detected. Seven animals (7.3%) presented trypanosomes of the subgenus Megatrypanum. Hemocultures detected 84 positive tamarins (87.5%). Seventy-two of 84 (85.7%) were morphologically diagnosed as T. rangeli and 3 (3.1%) as T. cruzi. Nine tamarins (9.4%) yielded mixed cultures of these two species, which after successive passages generated six cultures exclusively of T. cruzi and two of T. rangeli, with only one culture remaining mixed. Of the 72 cultures positive for T. rangeli, 62 remained as established cultures and were genotyped: 8 were assigned to phylogenetic lineage A (12.9%) and 54 to lineage B (87.1%). Ten established cultures of T. cruzi were genotyped as TCI lineage (100%). Transmission of both trypanosome species, their potential risk to this endangered species and the role of wild primates as reservoirs for trypanosomes infective to humans are discussed.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
0001-706X
Volume :
107
Issue :
2
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
Acta tropica
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
18603222
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2008.05.015