[Prevention of regurgitation and aspiration during emergency care of patients under general anesthesia].

This study has provided new data on methods for preventing regurgitation and aspiration under general anesthesia, by using parenteral and enteral antacids as premedication in urgent surgery. There is evidence that with 60-minute delay in starting surgery, omeprazole, 40 mg, has the highest alkalizing effect. Second- and third-generation H2-blockers have a persistent and good antacid effect. In emergencies, 30 ml of 3% sodium citrate solution show a rapid and effective antacid effect, which eliminates or drastically reduces the likelihood of aspiration pulmonitis even in case of regurgitation and aspiration of the gastric contents. Based on the findings, the authors have developed a patient preparation protocol for general anesthesia in urgent surgery as the standard for the practical use in general anesthesiology.