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Identification of a 2 Mb human ortholog of Drosophila eyes shut/spacemaker that is mutated in patients with retinitis pigmentosa.
- Source :
-
American journal of human genetics [Am J Hum Genet] 2008 Nov; Vol. 83 (5), pp. 594-603. Date of Electronic Publication: 2008 Oct 30. - Publication Year :
- 2008
-
Abstract
- In patients with autosomal-recessive retinitis pigmentosa (arRP), homozygosity mapping was performed for detection of regions harboring genes that might be causative for RP. In one affected sib pair, a shared homozygous region of 5.0 Mb was identified on chromosome 6, within the RP25 locus. One of the genes residing in this interval was the retina-expressed gene EGFL11. Several genes resembling EGFL11 were predicted just centromeric of EGFL11. Extensive long-range RT-PCR, combined with 5'- and 3'- RACE analysis, resulted in the identification of a 10-kb transcript, starting with the annotated exons of EGFL11 and spanning 44 exons and 2 Mb of genomic DNA. The transcript is predicted to encode a 3165-aa extracellular protein containing 28 EGF-like and five laminin A G-like domains. Interestingly, the second part of the protein was found to be the human ortholog of Drosophila eyes shut (eys), also known as spacemaker, a protein essential for photoreceptor morphology. Mutation analysis in the sib pair homozygous at RP25 revealed a nonsense mutation (p.Tyr3156X) segregating with RP. The same mutation was identified homozygously in three arRP siblings of an unrelated family. A frame-shift mutation (pPro2238ProfsX16) was found in an isolated RP patient. In conclusion, we identified a gene, coined eyes shut homolog (EYS), consisting of EGFL11 and the human ortholog of Drosophila eys, which is mutated in patients with arRP. With a size of 2 Mb, it is one of the largest human genes, and it is by far the largest retinal dystrophy gene. The discovery of EYS might shed light on a critical component of photoreceptor morphogenesis.
- Subjects :
- Amino Acid Sequence
Amino Acid Substitution
Animals
Case-Control Studies
Chromosome Mapping
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6
Codon, Nonsense
DNA Mutational Analysis
Electroretinography
Exons
Female
Frameshift Mutation
Genes, Recessive
Homozygote
Humans
Male
Molecular Sequence Data
Pedigree
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Protein Structure, Tertiary
RNA, Messenger metabolism
Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Siblings
Drosophila genetics
Drosophila Proteins genetics
Eye Proteins genetics
Mutation
Retinitis Pigmentosa genetics
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1537-6605
- Volume :
- 83
- Issue :
- 5
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- American journal of human genetics
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 18976725
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.10.014