Pathophysiologic basis for the medical management of portal hypertension.

Background: Portal hypertension is a potentially life-threatening complication of cirrhosis, resulting from increased intrahepatic resistance and portal inflow.
Objective: Given the complex nature of this disorder, a more complete understanding of the pathophysiology of portal hypertension is necessary to develop new therapies that target specific pathways that regulate portal pressure.
Methods: This review is based on a literature search of published articles and abstracts on the pathophysiology of portal hypertension, its complications and its treatment.
Results/conclusion: A number of therapies have been developed or are under investigation for the treatment of portal hypertension and its complications. These agents may reduce mortality and improve quality of life for patients with advanced liver disease.