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Orally exposed uninfected individuals have systemic anti-HIV responses associating with partners' viral load.
- Source :
-
AIDS (London, England) [AIDS] 2010 Jan 02; Vol. 24 (1), pp. 35-43. - Publication Year :
- 2010
-
Abstract
- Objectives: To determine whether oral HIV-1 exposure incites a persistent systemic anti-HIV-1 response in exposed uninfected individuals of discordant couples of men who have sex with men, and whether this response associates with HIV-1 exposure measured by viral load in the HIV-positive partners.<br />Methods: Plasma were collected from exposed uninfected individuals (n = 25), HIV-positive partners (n = 25) and low-risk controls (n = 22). A peripheral blood mononuclear cells-based neutralization assay was used to test these samples against three primary HIV-1 isolates. Self-reported questionnaires described routes of HIV-1-exposure, and clinical records documented viral loads in HIV-positive partners.<br />Results: At enrollment, plasma samples from seven of 25 exposed uninfected individuals neutralized at least two of the three HIV-1 isolates. No samples from the 22 controls neutralized any HIV-1 isolate (P = 0.01). Of these seven exposed uninfected individuals, six retained neutralization capacity during follow-up. Neutralization capacity among exposed uninfected individuals associated with the highest measured viral load of their respective partners (P = 0.01) and also time since highest viral load (P = 0.02). Purified plasma immunoglobulin (Ig) A1-mediated neutralization was observed in six of the seven samples, whereas none of the IgA1-depleted plasma samples neutralized HIV-1. The neutralizing IgA1 was not HIV envelope specific as detected by ELISA and western blot.<br />Conclusion: Orally exposed uninfected men who have sex with men can mount neutralizing anti HIV-1 activity in plasma, mediated primarily by non-HIV envelope-specific IgA1. Neutralization was associated with previous measured highest viral load in the HIV-positive partner, as well as time elapsed since the peak viral load. Neutralization also persisted over time in spite of a continuous low viral exposure.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Antibodies, Neutralizing immunology
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
HIV Antibodies biosynthesis
HIV Infections virology
HIV Seronegativity immunology
HIV Seropositivity immunology
HIV Seropositivity virology
Homosexuality, Male
Humans
Immunity, Mucosal immunology
Male
Mouth Mucosa immunology
Mouth Mucosa virology
Sexual Partners
Surveys and Questionnaires
HIV Antibodies immunology
HIV Infections immunology
HIV-1 immunology
Immunoglobulin A immunology
Viral Load immunology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1473-5571
- Volume :
- 24
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- AIDS (London, England)
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 19779318
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0b013e3283329853