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Skin disinfection methods: prospective evaluation and postimplementation results.
- Source :
-
Transfusion [Transfusion] 2010 Jan; Vol. 50 (1), pp. 59-64. Date of Electronic Publication: 2009 Oct 10. - Publication Year :
- 2010
-
Abstract
- Background: Optimal skin disinfection ensures blood safety. In this study, efficacies of the two-step skin disinfection methods used at Canadian Blood Services (CBS) and two one-step methods produced by different manufacturers were compared.<br />Study Design and Methods: In each of the three phases of the study, two methods were compared by disinfection of the antecubital fossae of study subjects. The two-step methods were compared in Phase I: Method A (isopropyl alcohol scrub and iodine tincture ampule) and Method B (isopropyl alcohol and chlorhexidine scrub and isopropyl alcohol and chlorhexidine ampule). In Phases II and III, Method B was compared to two different one-step swab sticks containing isopropyl alcohol and chlorhexidine (Methods C and D). Contact plates were applied on each of the subjects before and after disinfection and incubated at 37 degrees C for 24 hours followed by colony counting.<br />Results: In 99% of the subjects, colonies per plate were reduced from approximately 60 to less than 10 after disinfection using any method. Method B was superior to Method A (p < 0.05) but was not significantly different from Methods C and D. Method D was implemented for skin disinfection at CBS with no significant effects on blood product contamination. Skin reactions increased from approximately 0.02% to approximately 0.62% after implementation, which were subsequently reduced to approximately 0.04%.<br />Conclusion: In this study, isopropyl alcohol and chlorhexidine disinfectants were more efficacious than isopropyl alcohol and iodine. There was no difference in efficacy between one-step and two-step procedures or between methods of application. A one-step chlorhexidine and isopropyl alcohol kit has been successfully implemented at CBS.
- Subjects :
- 2-Propanol administration & dosage
2-Propanol adverse effects
Anti-Infective Agents, Local administration & dosage
Anti-Infective Agents, Local adverse effects
Bacteremia transmission
Bacteria drug effects
Blood Banks standards
Canada
Chlorhexidine administration & dosage
Chlorhexidine adverse effects
Disinfection standards
Humans
Iodine administration & dosage
Iodine adverse effects
Microbiological Techniques
Phlebotomy standards
Prospective Studies
Skin drug effects
Skin microbiology
Bacteremia prevention & control
Blood Donors
Disinfection methods
Phlebotomy methods
Blood Banking methods
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1537-2995
- Volume :
- 50
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Transfusion
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 19821950
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1537-2995.2009.02434.x