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Oxidative damage induced in A549 cells by physically and chemically characterized air particulate matter (PM2.5) collected in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
- Source :
-
Journal of applied toxicology : JAT [J Appl Toxicol] 2010 May; Vol. 30 (4), pp. 310-20. - Publication Year :
- 2010
-
Abstract
- Exposure to high levels of air pollution particulate matter (PM) is strongly associated with increased pulmonary morbidity and mortality. However, the underlying mechanisms of action whereby PM cause adverse health effects are still unclear. In developing countries, like in the sub-Saharian region of Africa, people are often exposed to high PM levels. Hence, three PM(2.5) samples were collected in the District of Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire), under rural, urban or industrial influences. Their most toxicologically relevant physical and chemical characteristics were determined--thereby showing that most of them were equal or smaller than 2.5 microm--and the influence of both natural (Ca, Na, Mg, Ti, etc.) and anthropic (Al, Fe, Mn, Cr, Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, benzene and its derivatives, paraffins, etc.) emission sources. The toxicity induced by the three PM samples was studied through 5-bromodeoxyuridine incorporation to DNA, mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity and extracellular lactate dehydrogenase activity. Hence, effect concentrations at 10 and 50% (EC(10) and EC(50), respectively) were as follows: (i) rural PM--EC(10) = 5.91 microg cm(-2) and EC(50) = 29.55 microg cm(-2); (ii) urban PM--EC(10) = 5.45 microg cm(-2) and EC(50) = 27.23 microg cm(-2); and (iii) industrial PM--EC(10) = 6.86 microg cm(-2) and EC(50) = 34.29 microg cm(-2). Moreover, PM-induced oxidative damage in A549 cells was observed through the induction of lipid peroxidation, the alteration of superoxide dismutase activity, and the disruption of glutathione status. Both the transition metals and the organic chemicals within the three collected PM samples under study might be involved in the oxidative damage and, therefore, the toxicity they induced in A549 cells.<br /> (2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.)
- Subjects :
- Antioxidants metabolism
Cell Culture Techniques
Cell Line, Tumor
Cell Survival drug effects
Cote d'Ivoire
Environmental Monitoring
Humans
Lipid Peroxidation drug effects
Lipid Peroxides metabolism
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Particle Size
Surface Properties
Urbanization
Air Pollutants chemistry
Air Pollutants toxicity
Oxidative Stress drug effects
Particulate Matter chemistry
Particulate Matter toxicity
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1099-1263
- Volume :
- 30
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of applied toxicology : JAT
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 19943358
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1002/jat.1496